The liver is one of the most vital organs in the human body, responsible for detoxifying blood, aiding digestion, storing energy, and producing important proteins. Despite its essential functions, liver diseases can remain undetected for years. One of the most widespread — and frequently silent — conditions is fatty liver disease, which occurs when fat accumulates in liver cells, impairing their function over time.
According to Dr. W. Allan Walker, professor and physician at Harvard Medical School, fatty liver disease is a growing global health issue, particularly the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) type, which is not caused by alcohol consumption. It’s closely linked to metabolic disorders such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and high cholesterol, and it can progress silently until it becomes severe.
What makes NAFLD particularly dangerous is that early symptoms are often vague or nonexistent. “Most people don’t realize they have a problem until routine blood tests show abnormal liver enzyme levels or an ultrasound incidentally reveals fat buildup,” says Dr. Walker. Nevertheless, he emphasizes that there are subtle warning signs that can help detect the condition earlier.
One of the first signs of a struggling liver may be unexplained fatigue. Patients often describe a constant feeling of tiredness even after a full night’s sleep. Others report a general sense of discomfort or fullness in the upper right abdomen, where the liver is located. While these symptoms may seem minor or easy to ignore, they can signal early stages of liver inflammation.
Other possible signs include loss of appetite, mild nausea, bloating, and trouble concentrating. Some people also notice unusual weight gain, particularly in the abdominal area, despite no major changes in diet or activity level. These symptoms can easily be mistaken for common digestive issues or stress-related effects, which is why awareness is so important.
Dr. Walker recommends that individuals with risk factors — such as being overweight, living a sedentary lifestyle, or having high blood sugar — undergo regular liver function tests. Detecting elevated liver enzymes like ALT and AST can provide early clues. In some cases, imaging tests such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI may be needed to confirm fat accumulation in the liver.
The good news is that, in its early stages, fatty liver is reversible. “The liver has an extraordinary ability to heal itself,” explains Dr. Walker. “With timely intervention and lifestyle changes, patients can reduce liver fat and prevent long-term damage.” That means patients don’t need medication in most cases — just a commitment to healthier habits.
Diet plays a key role in managing and reversing fatty liver. A balanced diet rich in vegetables, fruits, lean proteins, and whole grains is essential. It’s also important to cut down on sugary drinks, refined carbs, and trans fats, all of which contribute to fat accumulation in the liver. Some studies also suggest that coffee may have protective effects on liver health, though it should not replace proper medical advice.
Exercise is another crucial factor. Even moderate physical activity — such as walking briskly for 30 minutes a day — can significantly reduce liver fat. Weight loss of just 5–10% of total body weight has been shown to improve liver health markers in many patients.
Although NAFLD has no specific approved medication yet, ongoing research — much of it from institutions like Harvard — is exploring potential treatments. Until then, the focus remains on preventive care and lifestyle intervention.
Fatty liver disease is becoming increasingly common worldwide, not just in adults but also in younger populations. Healthcare providers are now emphasizing liver screenings in high-risk individuals, especially as it often progresses without noticeable symptoms.
Understanding the signals your body gives you is essential. Fatigue, digestive discomfort, and changes in weight or appetite are not just everyday annoyances — they could be messages from your liver. Listening to your body, scheduling regular checkups, and making conscious health choices are key steps toward preventing liver complications in the future.
Source: Clarin
Comentarios